Cats need vaccinations to protect them from several serious and potentially deadly diseases. The core vaccines, which are recommended for all cats, include those for feline panleukopenia, feline herpesvirus, feline calicivirus, and rabies. The feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) vaccine is essential for kittens and young cats. Additionally, non-core vaccines, such as those for Bordetella and Chlamydia, may be recommended depending on a cat’s lifestyle and risk factors.

In the UK, core cat vaccinations help protect your feline friend against feline herpesvirus, calicivirus, and panleukopenia. These vaccines are recommended for all cats, even those who stay indoors, since these viruses can hitch a ride into your home on clothes or shoes. Usually, the full vaccination course starts with initial shots as a kitten, followed by regular boosters.

Core vaccinations

Here are the essential vaccines for all cats in the UK:

Feline Herpesvirus (FHV) and Feline Calicivirus (FCV): These two are the main culprits behind "cat flu," causing respiratory issues and mouth ulcers.

Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV): Also called feline infectious enteritis, this highly contagious and often deadly virus attacks the digestive and immune systems.

Non-core vaccinations

Depending on your cat’s lifestyle and exposure risk, your vet might suggest some extra non-core vaccines.

Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV): This one’s especially important for outdoor cats or those living with other cats, as it spreads through fighting and grooming.

Rabies: Needed only if your cat is travelling outside the UK; otherwise, it’s not necessary.

Chlamydophila felis: This bacterium causes conjunctivitis and is usually recommended for cats in multi-cat homes or catteries where the infection has been spotted.

Vaccination schedule

A typical vaccination timeline in the UK looks like this:

Kittens: The initial course usually involves two injections spaced 3 to 4 weeks apart, starting at about 9 weeks old.

Adults: After the kitten course, cats get their first annual booster a year later. After that, how often boosters are needed depends on the vaccine, but core vaccines are often given every 1 to 3 years.

Side effects and cost

Vaccinations are safe and routine, but your cat might experience some mild side effects.

Common side effects: Your cat might feel a bit tired, eat less, or have a slight fever. You might also notice some swelling where the shot was given. These usually go away within 1 to 2 days.

Rare side effects: Serious allergic reactions are very uncommon, but if your cat has seizures, trouble breathing, or collapses, contact your vet right away.

Average costs (UK):

Kitten course: £60–£100.

Annual booster (core only): £40–£60.

Booster with FeLV: £60–£100.

Rabies: £40–£60.

Important things to keep in mind

Talk to your vet: Always chat with your vet about your cat’s specific vaccination needs and schedule—they’ll tailor it based on your cat’s age, health, and lifestyle.

Boarding: Most UK catteries require all cats to have up-to-date vaccinations before staying.

Pet insurance: Routine vaccinations usually aren’t covered by pet insurance, but keeping them current can help lower your premiums.